【复习】Lesson1
语法现象：metonymy 借代
- A bald（秃头、借代秃头的人） slipped out of the house.
- He has been messing around with several skirts（裙子，借代女性） of his class.
- The crown（皇冠、借代王权） should not yield to the cross（十字架、借代神权）.
【近义词】【辨析】表达“调查”：
- investigation 多指事故、案件
- inquest 一般指对死因的调查
- survey / poll / opinion poll 民意调查
- inquiry / enquiry 各种调查（没有场合限制）
【同根词】
- contented adj. 满足的；心安的
- discontented adj. 不满的；不满意的
- content / satisfaction n.满足、满意
- discontent / dissatisfaction n.不满足、不满意
语法复习：无灵主语
- The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom.
- There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that little the floors.
课文讲解
知识点（1）写作：alliteration头韵
- Finding fossil man (Lesson1)
- Spare that spider (Lesson2)
- Matterhorn man (Lesson3)
- The sporting spirit (Lesson6)
- Pride and Prejudice
- Prince and Pauper
- World Wide Watch
- A Delicious Dish A Day
- Beauty and Beast
写作：rhyme 尾韵
- Without art, society could still survive, but not thrive.
- Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
知识点（2）should 在疑问句一般翻译为“怎么会”
- How should I know?
- Why should conservatives vote for Bush?
知识点（3）写作：设问句开头
- Why, you may wonder, should some of us become experts in building and maintaining personal relationships?
知识点（1）语法、写作：回答why的疑问句要用because对应
知识点（2）destroy 杀死；kill off 使动植物大量死去；slaughter / massacre 屠杀；wipe out / exterminate 使灭绝
知识点（3）… and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.
知识点（4）【近义词】表达“人类”：
- human race
- man / human being
- mankind / humankind
- humanity
语法分析：
Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
知识点（1）复习：虚拟语气
- 与现在事实相反：If + S. + did / were, S. + would / should / could / might + do
- 与过去事实相反：If + S. + had done, S. + would / should / could / might + have done
- 与未来趋势相反：If + S.+ should do, S.+ would / should / could / might + do
知识点（2）make it possible for sb. to do = enable sb. to do
知识点（3）flocks and herds 指羊群和牛群
知识点（4）if it were not for … （虚拟）若没有……的话
知识点（5）insect-eating animals = animals which eat insects
知识点（6）【课文仿写】
Computer viruses would make it impossible for us to surf the Internet safely; they would destroy all the data in the computer and steal our personal information, if it were not for the protection we get from the anti-virus software.
语法分析：
We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.
知识点（1）owe 欠、感谢
知识点（2）上义词替换
知识点（3）fraction: a small amount of sth.
知识点（4）【课文仿写】
All of us put together earn only a fraction of the money made by Bill Gates.
语法分析：
Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.
知识点（1）表达“此外、而且、还”
- what is more / what's more
- moreover / furthermore
- besides
- in addition
- additionally
知识点（1）do harm to … 对…有害
语法分析：
Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.
知识点（1-1）复习非限定性定语从句
知识点（1-2）as引导非限定定语从句的扩展，主句是否定句
知识点（2）复习：部分倒装
知识点（3）【课文仿写】
Whales are not fish, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.
语法分析：
One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.
知识点（1）tell the difference 看出区别
知识点（2）语法：并列句的省略
知识点（1）be engaged in (doing) sth. 忙于（做）某事
知识点（2）on one’s behalf / on behalf of sb. 1.为了某人的利益；2.代表
语法分析：
One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.
知识点（1）that is (to say): or more exactly 也就是说
知识点（2）authority 1.权威；2.政府、当局（一般复数）
知识点（3）something like … 大约、大概…
知识点（4）【近义词】【辨析】表达“场地”
语法分析：
Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.
语法分析：
It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day.
知识点（1）guess 猜测
知识点（2）wild: unreasonable; without careful thought
知识点（3）more than + n. 超过；不仅仅……
知识点（4）非谓语动词引导原因状语，省略being
知识点（5）【课文仿写】
They are enterprising young people, not content with the dull routine of everyday life.
语法分析：
it has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.
知识点（1）发音：鼻腔爆破 nasal explosion [t] / [d] + [n]
课文总结：写作题材：Question-Answer Pattern 问题回答模式