(第一段)
Punctuality
is a necessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society.
知识点(1)
public affairs n. 英文解释:issues
and questions about social, economic, political or business activities,
etc. that affect ordinary people in general 公众事务
知识点(2)
civilized society 文明社会
知识点(3)【课文仿写】
Without
it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be
in a state of chaos.
语法分析:
Without it(介词短语充当条件句), nothing
could(虚拟语气) ever be brought to a conclusion;
everything would(虚拟语气) e be in a state of
chaos.
知识点(1)Lesson56
语法:虚拟语气的省略、介词短语代替虚拟条件句
课文补全:
If we didn’t have it nothing
could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything
would be in state of chaos.
Without it we could not make a living.
If we didn’t have it we could not
make a living.
知识点(2)
ever (加强语气)从来
知识点(3)Lesson36
bring sth. to a conclusion 使某事结束
【辨析】【复习】表达“得出结论”:
draw / come to / reach a
conclusion
考研英语:英译汉
This trend began during the Second World War, when several
governments came to the conclusion that the
specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific
establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.
标准答案:这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间,当时一些国家的政府得出结论:政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
知识点(4)Lesson33
chaos: disorder;
mess; confusion 混乱
in (a state of) chaos 处于一片混乱(状态)
Only
in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard
it.
语法分析:
Only in a sparsely-populated rural community
is (only+状语;部分倒装;只有…才)it possible to
disregard it.
知识点(1)Lesson47
sparsely / thinly populated
人口稀少的
densely / thickly populated
人口稠密的
知识点(2)Lesson31
disregard vt. 忽视;不理;漠视;不顾
In
ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality.
知识点(1)
living n. 含义1:生计
make / earn a living 谋生
living n. 含义2:生活;生活方式
知识点(2)翻译:无灵主语
The
intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everything
coordinated and organized for the matter in hand.
语法分析:
The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse
problem(非限定性定语从句), has everything coordinated and
organized(过去分词短语,have something done) for the matter
in hand(目的状语).
知识点(1)
work on sth. / doing 致力于……
知识点(2)
abstruse adj. 英文解释:difficult
to understand 深奥的;难理解的
知识点(3)Lesson23
some abstruse problem
some 用法:
some + 不可数名词:一些;some water 一些水
some + 可数名词复数:一些;some people 一些人
some + 可数名词单数:一些;some person 某一个
some + 数量词:大约;some one hundred people 大约100人
知识点(4)Lesson2
have sth. done
1.请某人做某事;
I’m going to have my hair cut.
2.某种(不愉快的)经历;
He had his watch stolen.
3.主语本身做某事(通过上下文判断)
By this time, a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare
and worth rescuing. The French authorities had the plane
packaged(1.请某人做某事) and moved in parts back to
France. Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the
plane restored(3.主语本身做某事).
知识点(4)
the job / task / matter in hand
手头的…
Could you just concentrate on the job in
hand?
As the matter in hand was urgent, we
dealt with it at once.
【扩展】 “hand”前加介词:
I always keep a dictionary close at hand.
在手边
My birthday is near at hand.
快到了
The signature must be made by
hand.用手
They are always on hand whenever you need
them. 有空的
I can’t remember his phone number off
hand.立即、马上
He is
therefore forgiven if late for a dinner party.
知识点(1)Lesson5
语法:状语从句的省略,状语从句中如果满足以下两个条件:
1.状语从句的主语与主句主语一致。
2.状语从句的谓语包含 be 动词。
3.(例外)如果状语从句的主语是虚指的主语it,那这个时候就可以把be动词和主语it同时省略,可以不考虑主句主语统一
课文补全:
He is therefore forgiven if (he is) late for a
dinner party.
Metals expand when (they are) heated and contract
when (they are) cooled.
Francis Preston Blair Jr., although (he was) born
in Kentucky, lived and practiced in Missouri.
Judges, however wise or eminent (they are), are
human and can make mistakes.
While (he was) on a walking tour with his wife, he
stopped to talk to a workman.
We’ll resolve the Vladivostok issue with peaceful means when
(it is) ever possible, with force when (it is)
necessary.
But
people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is
cutting things fine.
知识点(1)
cut things fine 时间不留余地,掐钟点
It
is hard for energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are
often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an
appointment.
语法分析:
It(形式主语) is hard for energetic, quick-minded people
to waste time(真正主语), so they are often tempted to
finish a job before(然后) setting out to keep an
appointment(to...
目的状语)(before…介词短语做时间状语)(结果状语从句).
知识点(1)
be / feel tempted to do 很想……
I feel tempted to take a day
off.
Several times since, she has been tempted
to ring him up. Her pride, however, would not let her to do
so.
知识点(2)
have an appointment 有约(事务)
make an appointment 订约
keep an appointment 赴约
cancel an appointment 取消约会
break an appointment 爽约
If
no accidents occur on the way, like punctured tyres, diversions of
traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time.
语法分析:
If no accidents occur on the way(if... 条件状语从句), like
punctured tyres, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of
fog(accidents的同位语), they will be on time.
知识点(1)
a flat(没气的) /
burst(爆胎的) /
punctured(被扎的) + tyre /
tire …的轮胎
知识点(2)
diversion n. (BrE.) = detour (AmE.)
英文解释:a different way that traffic is sent when the
usual roads are closed (交通)改道
知识点(3)
come down / descend
下雾
lift / clear /
disperse 雾散
They
are often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never
late.
The
over-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual.
知识点(1)
be a trail to sb. 令某人头疼讨厌
知识点(2)
as much as ... 和……一样;就等于……
That is as much as to say I am a
liar.
I hope you have as much fun as I
did.
He is as much a bore as his
father.
She is as much a beauty
as her mother.
The
guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance.
知识点(1)
… too early / soon 早了……
… too late 晚了……
知识点(2)
nuisance n. 英文解释:a thing,
person or situation that is annoying or causes trouble or problems
令人讨厌的人或事
Some
friends of my family had this irritating habit.
The
only thing to do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other
guests.
语法分析:
The only thing to do(后置定语) was ask them to
come half an hour later than the other guests(时间状语).
(ask… 表语;动词不定式作表语;省略to)
知识点(1)
语法:动词不定式做表语时, 若前面出现了实义动词
“do”,则常去掉 “to”
All I have to do is (to)dream.
The best thing you can do now is (to)write her an
apology.
All I wanted was to help him.
The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount
it as sagas—legends handed down from one generation of story-tellers to
another.
【复习】Lesson36
语法:动词不定式做“except /
but”的宾语时, 表示“除了…之外”,若前面出现了实义动词
“do”, 则常去掉“to”
1.如果前面实义动词do,后面的to省略
We have nothing to do
but(to) wait here.
They did nothing
but / except(to)
complain.
I’ve done everything you wanted
but / except (to)make
the beds.
2.如果前面没有实义动词 do,后面必须是to do
Then they arrived
just when we wanted them.
(第二段)
If
you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortably early
than even a fraction of a minute too late.
语法分析:
If you are catching a train(条件状语从句), it(形式主语) is
always better to be comfortably early
than even a fraction of a minute too late.
(than... 比较状语)(to be... 真正主语)
知识点(1)
catch a train / bus / plane
赶车
知识点(2)
a fraction of a second / a minute / an
inch … (强调时间或距离特别短)不到一秒钟 /
一分钟 / 一英寸
She hesitated for a fraction of a second
before answering.
The car stopped within a fraction of an
inch of the wall.
If you are catching a train, it is always better to be
comfortably early than even a fraction of a
minute too late.
Although
being early may mean wasting a little time, this will be less than if
you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one;
and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the
train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get on it.
语法分析:
Although being early may mean wasting a little
time(Although…引导让步状语从句), this will be less than if you
miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one(if...
条件状语从句)(than... 比较状语从句); and you avoid
the frustration of(of…
介词短语当后置定语,修饰frustration)arriving at the very
moment when the train is drawing out of the
station(when...时间状语从句) and being unable to get on
it.
知识点(1)
语法:条件状语从句中的省略
课文补全:
Although being early may mean wasting a little time,
this will be less than (it
will be) if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for
the next one; …
He's never more annoying than when he's trying to help.
He's never more annoying
than (he is) when he's trying to help.
Sometimes patients are more depressed six months later
than when they first hear the bad news.
Sometimes patients are more depressed six
months later than (they are) when they first
hear the bad news.
知识点(2)
pull / draw out of the station
车出站
pull / draw in / into the
station 车进站
An
even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train
and still to see it go off without you.
语法分析:
An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for
a train(不定式表语)and still to see it go off without
you(不定式表语).
知识点(1)
in good time (for sth.) (UK): 早早就……
Such
an experience befell a certain young girl the first time she was
travelling alone.
知识点(1)Lesson56
befall (befell
befallen)=overtake / happen
to 不幸的事降临到……
A great misfortune befell him.
We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that
misfortune might overtake us if the important
events of our lives were not related to it.
(第三段)
She
entered the station 20 minutes before the train was due, since her
parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it
and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two
journeys to meet her.
语法分析:
She entered the station 20 minutes before the train was
due(时间状语), since her
parents had impressed upon her(状语前置)
that it(形式主语) would be
unforgivable (to... 真正主语)to miss it and cause the
friends with whom she was going to stay to make two
journeys(whom...定语从句) to meet her.
(that… 宾语从句)(since…
原因状语从句)
知识点(1)
due: adj. 含义1:到期的,
到时间的
A.She wants the man to be at the station when she arrives.
B.She isn’t sure which train she’ll be on.
C.The train will be an hour late.
D.She’ll leave home at 6:30.
M: It says here the next train is due in
at 6:30.
W: I know, but I don’t know whether I can make that one. I’d
rather call you from the station than have you waiting around for an
hour.
Q: What does the woman imply?
Answer: (B) She isn’t sure which train she’ll be on.
due: adj. 含义2:适当的
after due consideration 适当的考虑之后
undue / unduly
过度的/过度地【反义词】
They are either unduly optimistic or
unduly pessimistic.
考研英语:英译汉
While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an
undue reliance amongst many journalists on
interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.
知识点(2)
impress sth. on / upon sb.
让某人铭记某事
知识点(3)
cause sb. to do 使得某人做某事
知识点(4)
make a journey 到某地去
She
gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket.
To her
horror he said that she was two hours too soon.
She
felt in her handbag for the piece of paper on which her father had
written down all the details of the journey and gave it to the
porter.
语法分析:
She felt in her handbag(地点状语) for the piece of
paper on which her father had written down all the details of the
journey(定语从句) and gave it to the porter.
知识点(1)
feel for … 摸着找……
He
agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper
and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers.
语法分析:
He agreed that a train did come into the station
at the time on the paper(that… 宾语从句) and that it
did stop, but only to take on mail, not
passengers(that… 宾语从句).
知识点(1)
take on ... 上(货/乘客等)
The
girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not
have made such a mistake.
语法分析:
The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father
could not have made(对过去否定的推测) such a
mistake(that...形容词补足语). (feeling sure…
非谓语动词做原因状语)
知识点(1)
timetable / schedule
时刻表、日程表
train / railway / railroad
timetable / schedule
college / school timetable /
schedule
exam / examination timetable /
schedule
The
porter went to fetch one and arrived back with the station master, who
produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic 'o' beside the
time of the arrival of the train at his station; this little 'o'
indicated that the train only stopped for mail.
语法分析:
The porter went to fetch one and arrived back with the station
master, (who...定语从句,充当并列句)who produced it with a flourish
and pointed out a microscopic 'o' beside the time of the arrival
of the train at his station; this little 'o' indicated that the
train only stopped for mail(that… 宾语从句).
知识点(1)
do sth. with a flourish
为了引起注意而用较大的动作自信地/潇洒地做某事
Just as
that moment the train came into the station.
The
girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into
the guard's van.
语法分析:
The girl, tears streaming down her face(独立主格), begged to be
allowed to slip into the guard's van.
But
the station master was adamant: rules could not be broken. And she had
to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left
behind.
知识点(1)
break / violate rules 打破规则
ignore / disregard rules 漠视规则
make / formulate / establish / lay
down rules 制定规则
obey / comply with / abide by /
observe rules 服从规则
知识点(2)
leave sb. / sth. ↔︎ behind
留下(不带走)