(标题)
mud is mud
知识点(1)
mud is mud [idiom] 实话实说、坦白的说
call a spade a spade [idiom]
实话实说
tell it like it is [idiom]
实话实说
tell somebody straight 实话实说
to be honest/frank 实话实说、坦白的说
= frankly
To be honest/frank, George isn’t very
good at the job.
To be frankly, George isn’t very good at
the job.
(第一段)
My
cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent
display in his study.
知识点(1)
keep v. 英文解释:have sth. in a
particular place 在某处存放或放置某物
Where do you keep the cutlery?
Always keep your driving licence in a
safe place.
George kept a bottle of whiskey under his
bed.
知识点(2)Lesson18
shaped
adj.形状的;和其他词放在一起构成复合形容词
知识点(3)Lesson18
on display = on show 展示,陈列
A collection of photographs was on
display in the hall.
Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to
notice examples of modern sculpture on display
in public places.
My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously shaped bottle
on permanent display in his
study.
Her work is on temporary display
at the gallery.
The locomotive is kept on static
display in the National Railway Museum.
知识点(4)【课文仿写】
Despite
the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an
observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks
like a thick, greyish substance.
语法分析:
Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a
delicate shade of green(that... 同位语从句)
(介词短语引导让步状语从句), an observant visitor would soon notice
that it is filled with what looks like a thick
greyish substance(what… 宾语从句).
(that… 宾语从句)
知识点(1)
despite the fact that ... (fml.)
尽管
= in spite of the fact that ... (fml.)
= tough / although / even though /
while ...
语法:介词 + 名词 + 同位语从句 = 普通从属连词
【复习】Lesson4
语法:引导原因状语从句
for the reason that … (fml.)
because of the fact that … (fml.)
due to the fact that … (fml.)
on account of the fact that … (fml.)
= because …
知识点(2)
delicate / light adj.
颜色淡的,浅色的
dark / deep adj. 颜色浓的,深色的
bright adj. 颜色亮的,鲜艳的
知识点(3)
shade n. 英文解释:a particular
type of red, green, blue etc. 色度
shade of … 某种颜色的色度
知识点(4)
observant adj.
英文解释:perceptive; eagle-eyed 善于观察的,敏锐的
【扩展】
powers of observation 观察力
知识点(5)
greyish (BrE) / grayish (AmE) adj.
英文解释:slightly grey 浅灰色的,灰了吧唧的
【扩展】
yellowish 黄了吧唧的
reddish 红了吧唧的
bluish 蓝了吧唧的
greenish 绿了吧唧的
blackish 黑了吧唧的
whitish … 白了吧唧的
If
you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it
contained perfumed mud.
语法分析:
If(if… 条件状语从句) you were to(虚拟语气) ask
Harry what was in the bottle(宾语从句), he
would tell you that it contained perfumed
mud(宾语从句).
知识点(1) 复习
语法:3.与未来趋势相反的虚拟
If + S.+ should do, S.+ would / should / could /
might + do
If + S.+ did / were to do, S.+ would /
should / could / might + do
If you were to ask Harry what
was in the bottle, he would tell you
that it contained perfumed mud.
If you expressed doubt or
surprise, he would immediately invite
you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin.
Were you to ask
Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it
contained perfumed mud. (倒装)
【复习】Lesson4 2
语法复习:虚拟语气if从句的虚拟
1.与现在事实相反
If + S. + did / were, S. + would / should
/ could / might + do
2.与过去事实相反
If + S. + had done, S. + would / should / could
/ might + have done
3.与未来趋势相反
If + S.+ should do, S.+ would / should / could /
might + do
If + S.+ did / were to do, S.+ would /
should / could / might + do (强调及其不可能)
语法:虚拟语气的倒装(只用于书面语);if从句的虚拟语气中,出现were、had、should可用倒装;
1.与现在事实相反:
If I were you, I would go abroad at
once.
Were I you, I would go abroad at once.
(倒装)
2.与过去事实相反:
If you had come here a little earlier
just now, you might have met her.
Had you come here a little earlier just
now, you might have met her. (倒装)
3.与未来趋势相反
If it should rain tomorrow, you could
stay at home.
Should it rain tomorrow, you could stay
at home. (倒装)
3.与未来趋势相反
If the sun were to rise in the west, I
would lend you the money.
Were the sun to rise in the west, I would
lend you the money.
知识点(2)
perfumed adj. 英文解释:pleasant to
smell because perfume has been added or used 加香水的,有香味的
If
you expressed doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you to
smell it and then to rub some into your skin.
语法分析:
(if… 条件状语从句)If you expressed(虚拟语气)
doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you
to smell it and then to rub some into your
skin.
知识点(1)
rub sth. with sth. 用…的涂抹、摩擦…
She began rubbing her hair
with a towel.
A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady
rubbed his arm with soap
and butter, but George was firmly stuck.
rub sth. into sth. 用…的涂抹渗透进…
The
brief experiment would dispel any further doubts she might have.
知识点(1)
dispel doubts(疑虑) /
fears(恐惧) /
worries(忧虑) /
rumors(谣言) /
hesitations(忧郁) /
prejudice(偏见) … 驱散了… 、打消了…
The bottle really
does contain perfumed mud.
How
Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an
interesting story which he is fond of relating.
语法分析:
How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff
(主语从句)makes an interesting story which he is fond of
relating(定语从句).
知识点(1)
came into (the) possession of sth.
(fml.)得到某个东西
= get sth.
On her father's death, she came into possession
of a vast fortune.
How did the painting come into your
possession (= how did you get the
painting)?
知识点(2)
stuff n. [U] (infml.) things 东西,玩意儿
知识点(3)
be fond of … 英文解释: having a
great liking for … 非常喜欢……
知识点(4)
relate sth. (to sb.)(向某人)讲述某事
We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that
misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives
were not related to it.
History does not relate whether his
friend accepted his medical help, but in all probability he
did.
Furthermore,
the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been
developing for years.
语法分析:
Furthermore(状语,递进), the acquisition of this
bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been
developing for years(定语从句).
知识点(1)复习
表达“此外、而且、还”:(做状语)
furthermore
further
what is more / what’s more
moreover
besides
in addition
additionally
知识点(2)
acquisition
英文解释1: [U] the act of getting sth, especially
knowledge, a skill, etc. (知识、技能等的)获得,得到
英文解释2: [C] something that sb buys to add to what
they already own, usually sth valuable (多指贵重的)购得物
知识点(3)
cure sb. 治愈某人
cure a disease 治愈疾病
cure sb. of a disease 治好了某人的某个病
【扩展】
heal sb. 治愈某人
heal sb. of a disease 治好了某人的某个病
heal a disease X错误表达
There is no cure for … 无药可治
知识点(4)
develop / catch / acquire / form
/ cultivate / foster a habit 养成一个习惯
change / alter a habit
改变了一个习惯
correct a habit 纠正了一个习惯
abandon / give up / drop /
discard / kick a habit 改掉、戒除坏习惯
(第二段)
Harry
used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and
make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist.
语法分析:
Harry used to consider it(形式宾语) a great
joke(宾语补足语) to go into expensive
cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods
that(定语从句) do not exist.(to
go…真正宾语)
知识点(1)Lesson6
expensive adj.高档的
知识点(2)
cosmetics n. [pl.] 化妆品 (瓶瓶罐罐的化妆品)
【扩展】
make-up / makeup n. [U]
化妆品(擦到脸上的化妆品)
girls in heavy make-up
She doesn't wear makeup.
【辨析】
cosmetics n. 化妆品
cosmic adj. 宇宙的(等于cosmical)
cosmos n. 宇宙
comic adj. 喜剧的;滑稽的;有趣的
comet n. [天] 彗星
知识点(3)
make a … request for … 要求得到某事
issue / make a … appeal for …
(非常诚挚的)呼吁、恳求
He would invent
fanciful names on the spot.
知识点(1)Lesson36
语法:would 和 used to do
类似,都可以表示过去习惯性的动作,如:
但注意:would 不能用在故事开头,往往在故事开头用
used to do,而后面换为 would do,如:
We used to work in the same office and we
would often have coffee together.
课文梳理:Lesson52
Harry used to consider it a great joke to
go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods
that do not exist. He would invent fanciful
names on the spot. On entering a shop, he would
ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath
cubes'. If a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he
would pretend to be considerably put out. He
loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out
of stock and he would faithfully promise to call
again at some future date, but of course he never did.
课文梳理:Lesson36
We are less credulous than we used to be.
In the 19th century, a novelist would bring his
story to a conclusion by presenting his readers with a series of
coincidences ― most of them wildly improbable.
知识点(2)
do sth. on the spot 当场(立刻)做某事
= do sth. immediately
On
entering a shop, he would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow'
or for 'insoluble bath cubes'.
语法分析:
On entering a shop(时间状语), he would ask for a new
perfume called 'Scented Shadow'(后置定语) or for
'insoluble bath cubes'.
知识点(1)
on prep. 英文解释:as soon as
刚一…(做时间状语)
in prep. 英文解释:during the act
or process of 在……过程中(做时间状语)
He tripped in racing for the
bus.
In the last act, a gaoler would always
come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the
prisoner.
In seeking independence, they do not
sacrifice their human dignity.
知识点(1)
insoluble adj. 英文解释:cannot be
dissolved; not soluble 不能溶解的
If
a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to
be considerably put out.
语法分析:
(if… 条件状语从句)If a shop assistant told him she had not heard
of it(宾语从句), he would pretend to be considerably put out.
知识点(1)
put out adj. [Br.E.] [never before
noun] annoyed 气愤的,不悦的(做表语)
He
loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out
of stock and he would faithfully promise to call again at some future
date, but of course he never did.
语法分析:
He loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was
temporarily out of stock(宾语从句) and(大连词) he would
faithfully promise to call again at some future date,
but(小连词) of course he never did.
知识点(1)
imaginary adj. 虚构的
imaginative adj. 富于想象力的
(A) imaginary adj. 虚构的,假想的;想像的;虚数的
(B) imaginative adj. 富于想象的;有创造力的
(C) imaginable adj. 可能的;可想像的
(D) imagining n. 想像
知识点(2)
temporarily adv. 暂时,临时
permanently adv. 长期,永久
知识点(3)
in / out of
stock(商店中)有/无现货的
Have you any grey pullovers in
stock?
I'm sorry, that swimsuit is temporarily out of
stock in your size.
知识点(4)
faithfully adv. 忠诚地,诚恳地
知识点(5)
call v. [Br.E.] 英文解释:to stop
at a house or other place for a short time to see sb. or do sth.
在某处短暂停留以拜访某人或做某事
call in at sth(地点). 到某个地方短暂停留
Will you call in at the supermarket for
some eggs and milk?
After crossing the equator, the captain called in
at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the
Thermopylae was over 500 miles ahead.
知识点(6)
at a … date 英文解释:a time in the past or future
在过去或未来的某时
The exact details of the plan will be worked out at a
later date.
Johnson had agreed at an earlier date to
take on the role of chairman.
The election is scheduled to take place at an
unspecified date in the autumn.
How
Harry managed to keep a straight face during these performances is quite
beyond me.
语法分析:
How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these
performances(主语从句) is quite beyond me.
知识点(1)
keep a straight face 英文解释:stop
oneself from smiling and laughing 板着脸,忍住不笑
【派生】
straight-faced adj. 板着脸的
知识点(2) Lesson40、41
be beyond sb. 英文解释:to be too
difficult for someone to understand 无法理解
be quite / completely beyond sb.
某人完全不能理解
(第三段)
Harry
does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious
bottle of mud.
知识点(1)
prompt v. 英文解释:to encourage
sb. to speak by asking them questions or suggesting words that they
could say 提问或提示以鼓励某人说
One
day, he went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for
'Myrolite'.
知识点(1)
exclusive adj. 含义1:very
expensive, and therefore available only to wealthy people
高级的,高档的
exclusive adj. 含义2:独家的
The
shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word, slowly
stressing each syllable.
语法分析:
The shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word,
slowly stressing each syllable(repeated的伴随状语).
知识点(1)
stress v. 英文解释:to pronounce a
word or part of a word so that it sounds louder or more forceful
重读
When
the woman shook her head in bewilderment, Harry went on to explain that
'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to
remove freckles.
语法分析:
When the woman shook her head in bewilderment(固定搭配)
(时间状语从句), Harry went on to explain that ‘Myrolite’ was a
hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove
freckles(which...定语从句). (that… 宾语从句)
知识点(1)
in bewilderment 迷惑
= in confusion
= in puzzlement
= in perplexity
She looked at him in
bewilderment.
Matt stared at her in confusion.
She frowned in puzzlement.
Jane looked about in perplexity.
This
explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf
after shelf.
知识点(1)
convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达或表达……
Please convey my good wishes
to your parents.
If you see James, do convey my apologies
to him.
The poem perfectly conveys to the reader
the poet’s feelings.
知识点(2)复习
语法:定语从句充当并列句
知识点(3)Lesson37
sth. after sth. (一个又一个)
… shelf after shelf …
But when the train dawdled at
station after
station, I began to wonder.
day after
day
week after
week
year after
year
time after
time
He fired shot after
shot. 一枪又一枪
Shelley sent him letter after
letter to explain the delay. 一封又一封
They sent regiment after
regiment to attack us.
In factory after
factory we were shown machines built by the workers
themselves.
She
produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with
Harry's requirements.
知识点(1)
produce v. 英文解释:if you produce
an object, you bring it out or present it, so that people can see or
consider it 出示,拿出
知识点(2)
all sorts / kinds / types of
sth. 各种各样的,各式各样的……
sth. of all sorts / kinds /
types 各种各样的,各式各样的……
知识点(3)
concoction n. 英文解释:sth. that
has been made out of several things mixed together 调制品,混合物
知识点(4)
requirement n. 英文解释:
(usually requirements) [pl.] something that you need or
want 所需的(或所要的)东西
comply with / fulfill / meet (with) /
satisfy / suit one’s requirements
满足了某人的需要
When
Harry put on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to
order some for him.
知识点(1)
put on an act 装模作样
put on sth. 假装
Intoxicated
by his success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud.
语法分析:
Intoxicated by his success(非谓语动词做原因状语), Harry then asked
for perfumed mud.
He
expected the assistant to look at him in blank astonishment.
知识点(1)
blank adj. 英文解释:showing no
feeling, understanding or interest 茫然的
blank astonishment (惊讶得)目瞪口呆
However,
it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up
and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for
Harry to inspect.
语法分析:
However(状语,转折), it was his turn to be surprised,
(for...原因状语)for the woman's eyes immediately lit up
and(内部并列) she fetched several bottles which she
placed on the counter for Harry to
inspect(定语从句,充当并列句).
知识点(1)
it is one’s turn (to do sth.) 轮到某人做某事
知识点(2)Lesson11
light up 英文解释:if someone’s face or eyes light
up, they show pleasure, excitement
etc.(因喜悦、兴奋等脸上或眼中)露出光彩
His eyes lit up with laughter.
Her face lit up with pleasure.
Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light
up.
知识点(3)复习
语法:定语从句充当并列句
For once, Harry had to
admit defeat.
知识点(1)
(just) for once 英文解释:used to
say that sth. unusual happens, especially when you wish it would happen
more often 这一回,这一次
知识点(2)
accept / admit / concede defeat
认输
She is very determined, and will never admit
defeat.
The prime minister conceded defeat and
resigned.
He
picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the
price.
知识点(1)
discreet adj. 英文解释:careful not
to cause embarrassment or attract too much attention, especially by
keeping something secret 言行小心谨慎的
The family made discreet enquiries about
his background.
They are very good assistants, very
discreet — they wouldn't go shouting to the
press about anything they discovered while working for you.
He
was glad to get away with a mere £20 and he beat a hasty retreat,
clutching the precious bottle under his arm.
语法分析:
He was glad to get away with a mere 20 pounds and he beat a
hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle under his
arm(伴随状语).
知识点(1)Lesson34、37
a mere … 仅仅……
a mere 后跟单数名词时 = only a /
an
在其他情况下 a mere = only
① a mere 后跟单数名词时
It went direct from my local station and the journey lasted
a mere (=only an) hour
and 17 minutes.
He's a mere (=only
a) child.
He's not a mere (=only
a) boxer: he's world champion.
② 在其他情况下 a mere = only
A mere (=Only) 2%
of their budget has been spent on publicity.
He has often described to me how he picked up a masterpiece for
a mere (=only)
£50.
Glancing at his map, he informed us that the next village was
a mere (=only) twenty
miles away.
知识点(2)
beat a (hasty) retreat 英文解释:leave a place
quickly in order to avoid an embarrassing or dangerous situation
赶紧走了
知识点(3)
clutch v. 英文解释:to hold
something tightly because you do not want to lose it 紧紧抓住
From
then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove
to be expensive.
语法分析:
From then on(时间状语), Harry decided (that… 宾语从句)that this
little game he had invented(定语从句) might prove to
be expensive.
知识点(1)
from then on 从那以后
from now on 从今往后
知识点(2)Lesson43
decide
不一定译为“决定”,而常常译为“(在考虑之后)确定,断定,认为”,尤其是其后加
that 引导的宾语从句时。
The pie committee decided(确定,断定,认为)
that the best way to transport the dish would be by canal, so they
insured it for the trip.
From then on, Harry decided(确定,断定,认为)
that this little game he had invented might prove to be
expensive.
I decided(确定,断定,认为) that I must
have taken a wrong turning somewhere.
Her first impulse was to go round all the rooms looking for the
thieves, but then she decided(确定,断定,认为)
that at her age it might be more prudent to have someone with
her, so she went to fetch the porter from his basement.
The
curious bottle which now adorns the bookcase in his study was his first
and last purchase of rare cosmetics.
语法分析:
The curious bottle which now adorns the bookcase in his
study(定语从句) was his first and last purchase of rare
cosmetics.
知识点(1)
adorn v. (fml.) 英文解释:to
decorate sth. 装饰