(第一段)
It is a good
thing my aunt Harriet died years ago.
知识点(1)
It is a good thing (that) … 幸亏……
If
she were alive today she would not be able to air her views on her
favourite topic of conversation: domestic servants.
语法分析:
If she were(虚拟语气) alive today(条件状语从句)
she would not be able to air her views on
her favourite topic of conversation: domestic
servants(同位语).
知识点(1)复习
语法:与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
If + S. + did / were …, S. + would /
should / could / might + do …
知识点(2)
air v. 英文解释:to express your
opinions publicly 公开表达……
air one’s views(观点) /
opinions(看法) /
grievances(委屈) /
complaints(抱怨) (on …)
公开表达…
In an interview, the singer aired his views
on family life.
造句:在会上每个人都将有机会 (get a chance)
当前的局势发表看法。
At the meeting everyone will get a chance to air their
views on the current situation.
知识点(3)
topic 话题
知识点(4)
domestic servant 家仆
maidservant 女仆
public servant 公仆
civil servant 文职公务员
Readers happily accepted the fact that an obscure maidservant was
really the hero's mother.
The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officials like
civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can
make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving
the public.
Aunt
Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to do
housework.
知识点(1)
leisurely adj. & adv. done without hurrying
悠闲的/地,从容的/地
知识点(2)Lesson13
表达“做家务”
do (the) housework
do (the) household chores
表达“洗衣服”
do the laundry
do the washing
表达“洗碗”
do / wash the dishes
do the washing-up
She
had a huge, rambling country house called 'The Gables'.
She
was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was far too
big for her needs, she persisted in living there long after her
husband's death.
语法分析:
She was sentimentally attached to this house,
for(for ... 原因状语从句) even
though it was far too big for her needs(让步状语从句), she
persisted in living there long after her husband's
death(时间状语).
知识点(1)
【复习】Lesson18、43
attach sth. to sth. 把A和B连到一起
【本文】
be attached to sb. / sth. (感情上联系到一起)
英文解释:to like someone or something very much,
because you have known them or had them for a long time 依恋……
I've never seen two people so attached to
each other.
The children are very attached to their
grandparents.
We've grown deeply attached to this house
and would hate to move.
I am sentimentally attached to my old
guitar.
知识点(2)
much / far too …
(加强语气)实在是太…
slightly / a little / a bit / a
little bit too … (减弱语气)有点…
知识点(3)
persist v. 含义1. to continue to do
sth. in spite of difficulties or opposition, in a way that can seem
unreasonable 坚持,执意
persist v. 含义2. if sth. bad
persists, it continues to exist or happen(坏事)持续(存在或发生)
If the pain persists, you must see a
doctor.
Competition between ourselves, person against person, community
against community, still persists, however; and
it is as fierce as it ever was.
【同根词】
persistent adj.
1.坚持的,执意的;2.(坏事)没完没了的
She can be very
persistent(坚持的,执意的) when she wants
something.
a persistent(没完没了的) cough
He resigned over persistent
(没完没了的)rumours of his affair with an actress.
知识点(4)Lesson43
shortly before / after …
在…之前/之后不久
The accident happened shortly
before(介词) midday.
I saw him shortly before(连词) he
died.
Police arrived at the scene shortly
after(介词) midnight.
Shortly after(连词) it was
launched, the pie committee went to a local inn to
celebrate.
Shortly afterwards (副词短语)不久之后
long before / after
…在…之前/之后很久
She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even though it was
far too big for her needs, she persisted in living there long
after(介词) her husband's death.
Before
she grew old, aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly.
知识点(1)
entertain v. 英文解释:to invite people to eat or
drink with you as your guests, especially in your home(在家中)宴客
知识点(2)
lavish adj. 英文解释:very generous
慷慨的,大方的
entertain lavishly 大宴宾客
I often visited
The Gables when I was a boy.
No
matter how many guests were present, the great house was always
immaculate.
知识点(1)
immaculate = spotless adj.
v英文解释:ery clean and tidy 一尘不染的
The
parquet floors shone like mirrors; highly polished silver was displayed
in gleaming glass cabinets; even my uncle's huge collection of books was
kept miraculously free from dust.
知识点(1)
parquet n. [U] 英文解释:small flat
blocks of wood fitted together in a pattern that cover the floor of a
room 镶木地板
知识点(2)
silver = silverware n.
英文解释:spoons, forks, dishes etc that are made of
silver 银器,银餐具
知识点(3)复习
gleam v. shine softly 发出柔和的光
知识点(4)
cabinet n. 英文解释:piece of
furniture with drawers or shelves for storing or displaying things
储藏柜
知识点(5)
miraculous adj. 英文解释:like a
miracle; completely unexpected and very lucky 奇迹般的
Aunt
Harriet presided over an invisible army of servants that continuously
scrubbed, cleaned, and polished.
知识点(1)
preside over … 掌管……
知识点(2)
army n. 英文解释:a large number of
people who are doing the same thing or in the same situation
一大群人….
army of … …的大军
知识点(3)
scrub v. clean sth. thoroughly by rubbing hard, esp.
with a brush and soap and water 彻底擦洗某物
She
always referred to them as 'the shifting population', for they came and
went with such frequency that I never even got a chance to learn their
names.
语法分析:
She always referred to them as 'the shifting
population', for(for...原因状语) they came and went with such
frequency that I never even got a chance to learn their
names(结果状语从句).
知识点(1)Lesson4
表达“把A看成B”:
refer to A as B
call A B
know A as B
address A as B
知识点(2)
shifting adj. always changing or moving
不停变化或移动的
知识点(3)复习
… so frequently that … (写法替换)
… with such frequency that …(名词更为正式)
造句:电话铃如此频繁地响起以至于我甚至没机会睡觉。
The telephone rang with such frequency
that I didn’t even get a chance to sleep.
造句:他如此轻松地通过了考试以至于老师怀疑
(suspect sb. of doing ) 他作了弊。
He passed the exam with such ease that
the teacher suspected him of cheating.
造句:他上楼如此之艰难以至于我还以为 (be under
the impression that …) 他腿受伤了。
He walked up the stairs with such difficulty
that we were under the impression that he had injured his
leg.
知识点(4)
learn (of / about) sth. 英文解释:to
become aware of sth. by hearing about it from sb. else 获悉,得知
Though
my aunt pursued what was, in those days an enlightened policy, in that
she never allowed her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a
day, she was extremely difficult to please.
语法分析:
Though(引导让步状语从句) my aunt pursued what was, in those
days(插入语), an enlightened policy(宾语从句),
in that(引导原因状语从句) she never allowed
her domestic staff to work more than eight hours a day, she was
extremely difficult to please.
知识点(1)
enlightened adj. 英文解释:someone
with enlightened attitudes has sensible, modern views and treats people
fairly and kindly 开明的
知识点(2)
domestic / medical / nursing / teaching /
engineering / administrative
staff(全体人员)
While
she always criticized the fickleness of human nature, she carried on an
unrelenting search for the ideal servant to the end of her days, even
after she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie.
语法分析:
While(尽管,引导让步状语从句) she
always criticized the fickleness of human nature, she carried on an
unrelenting search for the ideal servant(后置定语,修饰search)
to the end of her days(时间状语), even after
she had been sadly disillusioned by Bessie(时间状语从句).
知识点(1)
fickle adj. often changing 反复无常的,多变的
【同根词】
fickleness n. 反复无常,多变
知识点(2)
carry on sth. 英文解释:to continue
doing, pursuing, or operating 持续做某事,一直做某事
知识点(3)
unrelenting adj. 非常坚决的,不屈不挠的
知识点(4)
be disillusioned with / by …
对某人某事大失所望、幻想破灭
be very / extremely /
completely / utterly / increasingly /
sadly disillusioned with / by
…(副词修饰)
As she grew older, Laura became increasingly
disillusioned with politics.
I feel utterly disillusioned by his
refusal to take any action.
(第二段)
Bessie worked
for aunt Harriet for three years.
During
that time she so gained my aunt's confidence, that she was put in charge
of the domestic staff.
语法分析:
During that time she so(如此) gained my aunt's confidence,
that she was put in charge of the domestic staff(结果状语从句).
知识点(1)Lesson1
be in charge of … 管理……
be in the charge of … / in one’s
charge 由……管理
take charge of … 接管……
put sb. in charge of … 交给某人管理……
Peter is in charge of the
company.
The company is in the charge of Peter / in his
charge.
Peter will be taking charge of the
company next Monday.
They put Peter in charge of the
company.
Peter was put in charge of the
company.
Aunt
Harriet could not find words to praise Bessie's industriousness and
efficiency.
知识点(1)复习
表达“无法描述”:
I cannot find words to describe the
beauty of the West Lake.
The beauty of the West Lake is beyond words /
description.
The beauty of the West Lake defies
description. (defy v. 使……不可能)
The beauty of the West Lake is more than words can
describe.
知识点(2)
industrious adj. 勤劳的
industrial adj. 工业的
In
addition to all her other qualifications, Bessie was an expert
cook.
知识点(1)
表达“除了…之外,还有…”
in addition to …
besides …
as well as …
apart from … / aside from …
Apart from an interesting-looking carved
dagger, the box was full of crockery, much of it broken.
There they collected women as well as
food and drink, and a life of ease had made them soft.
【扩展】
表达“除了…(排除掉)”
except ... / except for ...
excluding ... but ...
other than ...
with the exception of ...
apart from ... / aside from ...
(*和上面两种表达都可以)
but (也可表示“除了…”)
【扩展】复习
表达“此外、而且、还”:(副词短语)
what is more / what’s more
moreover / furthermore
besides (adv.)
in addition
additionally
知识点(2)
expert adj. 英文解释:showing
special skill or knowledge 熟练的,专家水平的
be expert in / at … 在…方面很专业
She
acted the role of the perfect servant for three years before Aunt
Harriet discovered her 'little weakness'.
知识点(1)
play / perform / act (the role /
part of) … 扮演……的角色
play a … role / part in …
(派生含义)发挥某个作用
The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always
played an important part in our lives.
Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have
only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to
see a case in which the voice plays a
strictly utilitarian role.
知识点(2) Lesson2
She acted the role of the perfect servant for three years
before(才) Aunt Harriet discovered her 'little
weakness'.
Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the
bell struck thirteen times before(才) it
stopped.
语法:before 的译法
1).强调主句的时间很长时,译为“才”
2).强调主句的时间很短时,译为“就”:
3).有时候翻译成“然后”:
知识点(3)
weakness 含义1. 懦弱, 软弱 [U]
So let us begin anew—remembering on both sides that civility is
not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always
subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never
fear to negotiate. ——John F. Kennedy
weakness 含义2. 弱点, 缺点 [C]
【反义】
strength 优点, 长处 [C]
strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点
For we know that our patchwork heritage is a
strength, not a
weakness. We are a nation of Christians and
Muslims, Jews and Hindus, and nonbelievers.
After
being absent from The Gables for a week, my aunt unexpectedly returned
one afternoon with a party of guests and instructed Bessie to prepare
dinner.
语法分析:
After being absent from The Gables for a week(时间状语), my aunt
unexpectedly returned one afternoon with a party of
guests(伴随状语) and instructed Bessie to prepare
dinner.
知识点(1)
be absent from … 不在……某个地方
知识点(2)
party n. 一群; 一队; 一组
知识点(2)
prepare / cook / fix dinner
做晚饭
Not
only was the meal well below the usual standard, but Bessie seemed
unable to walk steadily.
语法分析:
Not only(不但) was(部分倒装) the meal well below
the usual standard, but(而且) Bessie seemed unable to walk
steadily.
知识点(1)
表达“不但…而且…”
not only … but …
not only … but also …
not only … but … as well / too
not only … … as well / too
not only … …
知识点(2)
well adv. 英文解释:a lot, or to a
great degree 相当地,颇为,……得多
well before(早得多) /
after(晚得多) / over(高得多) / above(高得多)
/ below(低得多) / worth(颇为值得、相当值得) …
I don't know how old he is, but he looks well
over forty.
Pete left the party well before you got
there.
The castle is well worth a
visit.
知识点(3)
above / below (the) standard
高于/低于标准
She
bumped into the furniture and kept mumbling about the guests.
知识点(1)
bump / run into
含义1.撞到……上
bump / run into
含义2.偶遇……
知识点(2)Lesson29
mumble v. 英文解释:to say
something too quietly or not clearly enough, so that people cannot hear
what is said 小声咕哝
When
she came in with the last course -- a huge pudding -- she tripped on the
carpet and the pudding went flying through the air, narrowly missed my
aunt, and crashed on the dining table with considerable force.
语法分析:
When she came in with the last course(时间状语从句) ― a huge
pudding(同位语) ― she tripped on the carpet and the pudding
went flying through the air, narrowly missed my aunt, and crashed
on the dining table with considerable
force(方式状语).
知识点(1)
course 一道菜
知识点(2)
trip / stumble over / on sth.
在……上绊倒
知识点(3)
flying through 飞也似的穿过
Chairs and tables went flying into the
arcade.
Seeing a cake flying through the air, a
lorry driver who was drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a
sudden.
知识点(4)
narrowly miss 勉强错过、险些撞上
Though
this caused great mirth among the guests, Aunt Harriet was
horrified.
知识点(1)
mirth n. [U] (fml.) happiness and laughter 欢笑
Her body began to shake with
mirth.
The performance produced much mirth among
the audience.
That caused considerable mirth amongst
pupils.
She
reluctantly came to the conclusion that Bessie was drunk.
知识点(1)Lesson36
draw / come to / arrive at /
reach a conclusion 得出结论
bring … to a conclusion 使……结束
The
guests had, of course, realized this from the moment Bessie opened the
door for them and, long before the final catastrophe, had had a
difficult time trying to conceal their amusement.
语法分析:
The guests had, of course, realized this from the moment Bessie
opened the door for them(时间状语,可以看作the
moment后省略when,也可看做the moment是连词) and(并列),
long before the final catastrophe(时间状语), had had a
difficult time trying to conceal their amusement.
知识点(1)Lesson33
catastrophe
知识点(2)Lesson43
have a difficult / hard time doing
做某事很困难
The poor girl was
dismissed instantly.
After
her departure, Aunt Harriet discovered that there were piles of empty
wine bottles of all shapes and sizes neatly stacked in what had once
been Bessie's wardrobe.
语法分析:
After her departure(时间状语), aunt Harriet discovered that
(that… 宾语从句)there were piles of empty wine bottles of all
shapes and sizes(后置定语,修饰bottles) neatly
stacked(第二个后置定语,修饰bottles) in what had once been
Bessie's wardrobe(宾语从句).
知识点(1)
… of all shapes and sizes 各种形状的
… of all kinds 各种各样的
They
had mysteriously found their way there from the wine cellar!
知识点(1)Lesson15
find one’s way
1.(人做主语)找到去…的路;2.(事物做主语)到达……