(第一段)
In
this much-travelled world, there are still thousands of places which are
inaccessible to tourists.
知识点(1)
much-travelled
(复合形容词)much表示“很多人参与的、广为…”
much-loved
深受爱戴的
much-respected
广受尊敬的
much-admired
广受钦佩的
much-discussed
广为讨论的
much-criticized
备受批评的
much-acclaimed
备受赞扬的
We
always assume that villagers in remote places are friendly and
hospitable.
知识点(1)Lesson38、46
assume (含贬义,暗示错的)
Up to now, historians have assumed that
calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man
was faced with a real need to understand something about the
seasons.
When lights fuse, furniture gets rickety, pipes get clogged, or
vacuum cleaners fail to operate, some women
assume that their husbands will somehow put
things right.
But
people who are cut off not only from foreign tourists, but even from
their own countrymen can be hostile to travellers.
语法分析:
But people who are cut off not only(不但) from foreign
tourists, but(而且) even from their own countrymen(定语从句)
can be hostile to travellers.
知识点(1)
cut … off from ... 英文解释:to
prevent sb./sth. from leaving or reaching a place or communicating with
people outside a place 使……与……隔绝
Having a new baby can cut a young mother
off from the adult world.
Accessible only by air, the town is cut off
from the rest of the country.
Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which
had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished
settlements cut off from civilization by the
high mountains.
【近义词组】
be out of touch with ... 与……失去联系,不了解……
separate … from … 把……与……隔离
Separating prisoners
from each other is sometimes the only way of
preventing riots.
After having been wounded towards the end of the war, he had been
sent to hospital and was separated from his
unit.
isolate … from ... 把……与……隔离
A high wall isolated the house
from the rest of the village.
When a person has an infectious disease, he is usually
isolated from other people.
segregate … from
…(因种族,性别,宗教等原因)把……与……隔离
知识点(2)
one’s (fellow) countryman 某人的同胞
= one’s compatriot
a hero much loved by his
countrymen
Didn’t he feel guilty about betraying his fellow
countrymen?
Chris Robertson of Australia beat his
compatriot Chris Dittmar in the final.
表示某一个国家的同胞:
one’s fellow Chinese / Americans …
Visits
to really remote villages are seldom enjoyable -- as my wife and I
discovered during a tour through the Balkans.
语法分析:
Visits(主语) to really remote
villages(介词短语当后置定语,修饰Visits) are
seldom enjoyable ― as my wife and I discovered during a
tour through the Balkans(as... 非限定性定语从句).
知识点(1)Lesson33
语法:as 引导的非限定性定语从句与 which
引导的非限定性定语从句的区别。
1、as 作为关系代词指代整个主句,而 which
作为关系代词指代整个主句或先行词均可。
2、as 引导的非限定性定语从句位于主句前、中、后均可,而which
引导的非限定性定语从句不能位于主句之前。
As a poet points out, life is but a dream.
Children, as is always the case, love their
mother.
She became angry, as many could see.
3、as
引导的非限定性定语从句含有“众所周知”的意思,常译为“正如……”,而which
引导的非限定性定语从句则未必有这个意思。
The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for plants to
grow.(不能换成as,没有“正如”的含义)
4、在“as + is/was +
done”结构中可省略“is/was”,而在 “which + is/was + done”可省略“which +
is/was”,而不能只省略 be 动词。
As (is) reported, a foreign delegation will visit the
city.
a puma (which was) at large
课文举例:
Things can go wrong on a big scale, as
(关系代词,非限定性定语从句,关系代词做discovered的宾语) a number
of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of
Sydney.
As
(关系代词,非限定性定语从句,关系代词做explained的宾语) the
Commanding Officer explained later, one half of the station did not know
what the other half was doing!
If,
as(关系代词,非限定性定语从句,关系代词做主语)
has been reported, they have protected humans from sharks, it may have
been because curiosity attracted them and because the scent of a
possible meal attracted the sharks.
As(关系代词,非限定性定语从句,关系代词做主语)
is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be
used equally for good or evil.
(第二段)
We
had spent several days in a small town and visited a number of old
churches in the vicinity.
These
attracted many visitors, for they were not only of great architectural
interest, but contained a large number of beautifully preserved frescoes
as well.
语法分析:
These(上指) attracted many visitors, for they were
not only of great architectural interest, but contained a
large number of beautifully preserved frescoes as well.
(for...原因状语)
知识点(1)Lesson33
语法:of + 名词 :
描述人或事物的特征
1、做后置定语。
nothing of value = nothing
valuable
a matter of significance = a
significant matter
a ship of 46,000 tons
a man of wide social relations
2、在系动词后做表语。
... proved to be of great
interest. = proved to be very
interesting.
It is of no use = it is
useless.
Her dress is of dark crimson.
He is of a peculiar disposition.
a man of middle height = The man is of
middle height.
a girl of remarkable imagination = The
girl is of remarkable imagination.
课文写法替换:复习
Nothing of value(后置定语修饰Nothing)
was found, but the numerous items which were brought to the surface
proved to be of (系动词后做表语)great
interest.
Nothing valuable was found, but the
numerous items which were brought to the surface proved to be
very interesting.
课文写法替换:
These attracted many visitors, for they
were not only of
(系动词后做表语) great architectural interest, …
These attracted many visitors, for they were not only
architecturally interesting, ...
知识点(2)
contain (也可表示建筑物里的包含)
知识点(3)
beautifully adv. 含义1. in a
beautiful way 美丽地,漂亮地
beautifully adv. 含义2. very well
很好地
My leg has healed beautifully.
The children behaved
beautifully.
Imagine their dismay when they found a
beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to
ash!
知识点(4)【课文仿写】
造句:故宫 (the Imperial Palace)
吸引了很多游客,因为它不但在建筑方面很有趣,而且里面有大量的保存完好的文物
(historical relic)。
The Imperial Palace attracts many visitors, for it is not only of
great architectural interest, but contains a large number of beautifully
preserved historical relics as well.
On
the day before our departure, several bus loads of tourists descended on
the town.
知识点(1)
语法:名词短语本身就可以做时间状语,on可省略
On(可省略) the day before our
departure(时间状语), several bus loads of tourists descended on
the town.
The day after the birth of the five children(时间状语),
an aeroplane arrived in Aberdeen bringing sixty reporters and
photographers.
We met on the following
day(时间状语).
We met the following day(时间状语).
We met in the spring of
1983(时间状语).
We met the spring of 1983(时间状语).
知识点(2)
load (量词)装载量;容纳量
a truck load of wood 一卡车的…
a ship load of cotton 一轮船的 …
a car load of visitors 一汽车的…
知识点(3)Lesson41
descend on / upon ...
含义1. to visit sb./sth. in large numbers, esp.
unexpectedly or inconveniently 大批突然到来
descend on / upon ... 含义2. (of
night, darkness, a mood, etc.) to arrive and begin to affect sb./sth.,
esp. suddenly (黑暗,夜色,某种情绪等)突然降临
Total silence descended on the
room.
Calm descended upon the crowd.
Few things could be more impressive than the peace that
descends on deserted city streets at weekends
when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in
their homes in the country.
This
was more than we could bear, so we decided to spend our last day
exploring the countryside.
知识点(1)Lesson43
be more than … can / could...
是…不能承受的
Dancing proved to be more than the dish
could bear, for during the party it capsized and
sank in seven feet of water.
When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it
was more than I could bear.
The pain is more than I can
bear.
The story is more than I can
believe.
The beauty of the West Lake is more than
words can describe.
The weather turned out to be very good, which was more
than we could expect.
Such a complicated situation is far more than we
could anticipate and deal with.
Taking
a path which led out of the town, we crossed a few fields until we came
to a dense wood.
语法分析:
Taking a path which led out of the town(定语从句)
(Taking... 非谓语动词引导结果状语方式状语), we crossed a few fields
until we came to a dense wood(时间状语从句).
知识点(1)
take v. 英文解释:use (a road, path, etc) as a route
to go to a place 取道……
知识点(2)
lead v. 英文解释:to go in a particular direction or
to a particular place 通往……
The path led down to a small
lake.
This door leads into the garden.
We followed a dirt track leading through
the woods.
The road leads west for three miles, then
turns south.
We
expected the path to end abruptly, but we found that it traced its way
through the trees.
知识点(1)Lesson42
trace / weave / wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进
We
tramped through the wood for over two hours until we arrived at a deep
stream.
We
could see that the path continued on the other side, but we had no idea
how we could get across the stream.
知识点(1)
(have no idea / not have any
idea)+(that /
how / what /
why / which /
where …) 表达不知道
He had no idea (that) she
was like that.
She doesn't have any idea where
they've gone.
They had no idea what
time they were supposed to arrive.
Suddenly my
wife spotted a boat moored to the bank.
知识点(1)
moor v. 停泊
moor … to …把…停泊在…
【复习】Lesson28
anchor v. 抛锚,停泊
They anchored the ship in the
harbor.
The ship anchored in the harbor.
Before she had anchored, the men from the
boats had climbed on board and …
cast / drop anchor 抛锚
weigh anchor / set sail 起锚
We dropped anchor a few yards
offshore.
The next morning, they weighed anchor and
began to move south again.
In it there was a
boatman fast asleep.
语法分析:
In it there was a boatman (who was 定语从句省略) fast asleep.
知识点(1)
be fast / sound asleep 熟睡
be sleeping deeply / soundly /
tight 熟睡
We
gently woke him up and asked him to ferry us to the other side.
知识点(1)
ferry n. 渡船;渡口
ferry v. to carry people or goods between two or
more places 运送(人或货物)
Though
he was reluctant to do so at first, we eventually persuaded him to take
us.
知识点(1)
be reluctant / unwilling to do sth.
不愿意做某事
知识点(2)Lesson26
persuade sb. to do / into doing sth.
说服某人做某事
(第三段)
The
path led to a tiny village perched on the steep sides of a
mountain.
语法分析:
The path led to a tiny village perched on the steep sides of a
mountain(过去分词短语做后置定语,修饰village).
知识点(1)Lesson43
be perched on … 位于(比较高、危险)的地方
For one agonizing moment, the dish was
perched precariously on the bank of
the canal, but it suddenly overbalanced and slid back into the
water.
a house perched on a cliff above the
town
The
place consisted of a straggling unmade road which was lined on either
side by small houses.
语法分析:
The place consisted of a straggling unmade road which was lined on
either side by small houses(定语从句).
知识点(1)
straggle v. 英文解释:grow or
spread in an irregular or untidy manner
无规则地或散乱地生长或散布
【近义词组】
winding 曲折的;弯曲的;蜿蜒的
tortuous
1.拐弯抹角的;含混不清的;冗长费解的;2.弯弯曲曲的;逶迤的;蜿蜒的
知识点(2)
line vt. form a line along sth. 沿某物排成行
Even
under a clear blue sky, the village looked forbidding, as all the houses
were built of grey mud bricks.
语法分析:
Even under a clear blue sky(介词短语做状语), the
village looked forbidding, as all the houses were built of grey mud
bricks(原因状语从句).
The
village seemed deserted, the only sign of life being an ugly-looking
black goat on a short length of rope tied to a tree in a field
nearby.
语法分析:
The village seemed deserted, the only sign of
life(独立主格,做状语或看作定语修饰village)
being(非谓语动词,做表语) an ugly-looking black goat
on a short length of rope(后置定语) tied to a tree in a
field nearby.
知识点(1)复习
形容词+(连字符)+ looking 表示“看起来怎么样的”
a very modern-looking woman
an interesting-looking carved
dagger
the sorry-looking, blackened
figure
an ugly-looking black goat
知识点(2)
on 用…拴着
知识点(3)Lesson17
length (量词)一根、一节…
知识点(4)Lesson16
tie v. 系绳子
知识点(5)Lesson40
nearby adv. 在附近
知识点(6)复习:独立主格
并列形式:不如独立主格简洁,重点不突出
The village seemed deserted, and the only sign
of life was an ugly-looking black goat on a short length of rope tied to
a tree in a field nearby.
造句:这本书很无聊
(boring),唯一有趣的部分是它的封皮。
The book is boring, the only interesting part being its
cover.(独立主格)
造句:箱子 (chest) 里的东西 (contents)
令人失望,唯一有价值的发现是一柄看起来有趣的雕花的匕首。
The contents of the chest were disappointing, the only
valuable find being an interesting-looking carved dagger.
(独立主格)
Sitting
down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the field, we opened a couple of
tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch.
语法分析:
Sitting down on a dilapidated wooden fence near the
field(介词短语当后置定语,修饰fence) (非谓语动词作状语), we
opened a couple of tins of sardines and had a picnic lunch.
All
at once, I noticed that my wife seemed to be filled with alarm.
知识点(1)
all at once 突然
= suddenly
= all of a sudden
知识点(2)
alarm n. 英文解释:a feeling of fear or worry
because sth. bad or dangerous might happen 惊慌,恐慌
知识点(3)Lesson28、39
be filled with anger(愤怒) /
fear(恐惧) / dread(恐惧) / horror(惊恐) /
joy(快乐) / happiness(快乐、幸福) /
doubt(怀疑) / alarm(惊恐) / revulsion(厌恶) /
admiration(敬佩) / remorse(悔恨) …
充满了某种情绪…
Their faces were suddenly filled with
fear.
I am filled with admiration for your
bravery.
Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized
society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with
revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a
carefully prepared picnic lunch.
Looking
up I saw that we were surrounded by children in rags who were looking at
us silently as we ate.
语法分析:
Looking up(非谓语动词做时间状语) I saw that(宾语从句) we
were surrounded by children in rags(介词短语做状语)
who(定语从句) were looking at us silently as we
ate(时间状语).
We
offered them food and spoke to them kindly, but they remained
motionless.
知识点(1)
offer sb. sth. 给某人某事
offer sth. to sb.
I concluded
that they were simply shy of strangers.
知识点(1)
be shy of … 对……腼腆羞怯;害怕……
Children are often shy of people they
don't know.
I'm shy of buying shares, in case I lose
money.
Once bitten, twice shy.
一朝被蛇咬…
When
we later walked down the main street of the village, we were followed by
a silent procession of children.
知识点(1)Lesson15
语法:名词前有量词修饰,形容词放在量词前,而不放在名词前
… a silent procession of children
…(silent修饰的是procession不是children)
a nice cup of tea
a beautiful stretch of
field
a stagnant pool of
water
For most of them, 50 pence is a small price to pay for a
nice big bar of
chocolate.
Our next obstacle was a shallow
pool of water about half a mile
across.
The
village which had seemed deserted, immediately came to life.
知识点(1)
come to life 英文解释:to become more interesting,
exciting or full of activity 变活跃起来
The match finally came to life in the
second half.
You're very cool with your brother, but with your friends you
really come to life.
Faces appeared at windows.
知识点(1)
地道表达:传神、形象
对比:
Faces appeared at windows.
people looked out of the window.
She smiled. (普通)
A smile appeared on her lips. (传神、形象)
Her lips curved into a smile. (传神、形象)
Her rosy lips curved into a gentle smile. (传神、形象)
Men
in shirt sleeves stood outside their houses and glared at us.
知识点(1)
in shirt sleeves / shirt-sleeves:
dressed informally without wearing anything, such as a jacket, over a
shirt 只穿衬衣的(不正式)
Old women
in black shawls peered at us from doorways.
The
most frightening thing of all was that not a sound could be heard.
There was
no doubt that we were unwelcome visitors.
知识点(1)Lesson25
there is no doubt / question that ...
毫无疑问的是…
We needed no further
warning.
Turning
back down the main street, we quickened our pace and made our way
rapidly towards the stream where we hoped the boatman was waiting.
语法分析:
Turning back down the main street(非谓语动词做状语), we quickened
our pace and made our way rapidly towards the stream where
we
hoped(嵌入式定语从句,where修饰先行词stream,也做hoped的宾语) the
boatman was waiting.
知识点(1)
quicken one’s pace 加快步伐
He quickened his pace, longing to be
home.
Thinking that she was being followed, she quickened
her pace.
知识点(2)Lesson36
make one’s way 前往某地
I made my way to the
house.
I made my way into the
backyard.
I made my way along the
river.
I made my way up the
stairs.
The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back
into Western Germany on foot.
Turning back down the main street, we quickened our pace and made
our way rapidly towards the stream
where we hoped the boatman was waiting.
知识点(3)Lesson42
语法:嵌入式定语从句;本身是定语从句修饰先行词,另一方面又是主谓结构的宾语
造句:她有一个养子,这个养子据她讲是个孤儿。
She has an adopted son who she says is an
orphan.
造句:Aleko
突然得到了一只新的羊羔,这只羊羔他声称是买来的。
Aleko suddenly acquired a new lamb which he
claimed was bought.
In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming
sound which they found was caused by a
small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the
cave.
相当于是个并列句
Turning back down the main street, we quickened our pace and made
our way rapidly towards the stream, and
we hoped that the boatman was waiting
there.