The
great ship, Titanic sailed for New York from Southampton on April
10th, 1912.
The loss of the Titanic
语法：指轮船前加定冠词 “the”
语法：同位语前的定冠词“the”可以省略
Titanic 此处做同位语
The small ship,
Elkor(同位语，省略the), which had been searching
the Barents Sea for weeks, was on its way home.
One of the most famous sailing ships of the
nineteenth century, the Cutty
Sark(同位语，the没省略), can still be seen at
Greenwich.
语法：介词变化：从某个地方驶向某个地方
sail from A to B
sail out of A towards B
out和towards固定搭配
sail for B from A
动词后面直接加目的地时，前面加for
… flew from Shanghai to New York.
… out of Shanghai
towards New York.
…for New York from
Shanghai.
表示“动身出发去某地”
leave for ...
depart for ...
set out / off for ...
先加目的地的话要用“for”，不强调方式
make for ... 朝某地地方走去
be heading / headed for ...
朝某个地方（抽象目标）前进
The negotiation is heading for
deadlock.
Newcastle seemed to be heading for
failure until a late goal saved the
day(力挽狂澜).
造句：马航 370 号航班 (Malaysia Airlines Flight
370) 于 2014 年 3 月 8 日从吉隆坡 (Kuala Lumpur) 出发飞往北京。
Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 flew for Beijing from Kuala Lumpur on
March 8th, 2014.
She was
carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891.
指“车、船、祖国”时常用 “she”
a crew of 891
on board / aboard adv. & prep.
在船上
All aboard!
Welcome aboard! 欢迎加入
课文替换写法：
One thousand three hundred and sixteen passengers and a crew of 891
were on board (her) / aboard (her). （her
介词后宾语，强调在这艘船上）
课后选择第4题：
___B___were 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891. (11.2-3)
(a) On her board
(b) On board her
(c) Boarding her
语法：全部倒装（把全部谓语置于主语之前。）
这种倒装主要目的是为了突出句末的主语。
不能倒装
Off he went. 主语不能是代词
On the hill John saw Mary. 谓语是及物动词
表语置于句首。这种倒装主要目的是为了避免头重脚轻（主语较长）。
Happy is he who has a sound mind in a sound
body.
Gone are the days when my heart was young and
gay.
语法：部分倒装 只把助动词，be
动词(之前没有其他助动词)或情态动词置于主语之前。
1、否定词位于句首
2、“only + 状语” 位于句首
3、such, so, well, often, many a time
等表示程度、频率的副词位于句首
语法：部分倒装和全部倒装的区别。
1、部分倒装是为了突出句首；完全倒装是为了突出句尾（表语前置引起的完全倒装多是为了避免头重脚轻）。
2、部分倒装只看句首，对主语谓语没有要求；全部倒装对主语谓语有要求（表语前置引起的完全倒装除外）。
Even
by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
介词by： according to …… by此处表“根据”
standards 一般用复数
safety standards 安全标准
moral standards 道德标准
living standards 生活标准
International Standards Organization (ISO) 国际标准化组织
criterion criteria (pl.)
n. （批评判断的）标准；准则；规范；准据
admission criteria 录取标准
ton 课文中名词做定义，修饰后面的Titanic，用单数
At
the time, however, she was not only the largest ship
that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable,
for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
复习短语用法：不但…而且…
not only … but also …
not only … but …
not only … but … as well
表示“被看作是”
regard ... as ...
see ... as ...
count ... as ...
take ... as ...
look on ... as ...
think of ... as ...
consider ... (to be) ...
be recognized / acknowledged as ...
被公认为是…
语法：形容词作介词宾语时可视为其前省略了动名词
being，即“介词 (+being)+形容词”的形式。
Even
if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
短语用法：even if 和 even though区别
Even if 此处翻译为“即使”，假设。而 Even though 表示已经发生的结果
Even if you dislike ancient
monuments（古迹）, Warwick Castle is worth a visit.
Even though you dislike ancient
monuments, Warwick Castle is worth a visit.
The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn
even if he gives it away.
Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for
even though it was still summer, it rained
continually and it was often bitterly cold.
The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never
troubled by such feelings, even if he has five
hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.
Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea
journeys take a long time.
She was sentimentally attached to this house, for even
though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted in
living there long after her husband's death.
I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even
though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated
for twenty-four hours.
课文替换写法：
Even if two of these were flooded, she still wouldn’t
sink.
No one thought she__D___ sink, for she had sixteen watertight
compartments. (11.5-6)
(a) would be possible to 主语不能是人或事物
(b) would be able to 不是能力
(c) should
(d) could possibly 推测
The
tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she
went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
使用被动突入主语,句子简洁
The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be
remembered,
… Thank you very much for your help.
I appreciate your help.
Your help is greatly appreciated. 被动
go down: sink 沉没 (同义替换,避免重复)
The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be
remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss
of life.
短语搭配：“首…”
first voyage ： 首航
maiden voyage(首航) / flight (首飞)/ work
(处女作)
virgin land 处女地
debut
vi. （演员、运动员）初次登台
premiere vt. （电影，戏剧）初次公演
短语搭配：“伤亡”
loss of life
casualty
n. 意外事故；伤亡人员；急诊室
civilian casualties 伤亡人数
death toll（事故、战争、灾难等的）死亡人数
The tragic missing of the Malaysian airliner will always be
remembered, for it mysteriously lost contact on its flight from Kuala
Lumpur to Beijing with heavy loss of life.
Four
days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the
icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by
a lookout.
after 介词
被动突出重点
After
the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a
direct collision.
短语用法：give 搭配
give 表示“发出、表现出”
give an alarm / an order / a cry / a long
sigh （一声长叹）
短语用法：表示“转弯”
turn
veer v. 转向
swerve v. 转弯
Moments before crashing, the jet was seen veering sharply
（急转弯）to the right.
The lorry swerved sharply to avoid the child.
As we bumped over the dusty track, we swerved to avoid large
boulders.
change course un. 改变航向；变动航向
2 What happened once the iceberg had been
spotted?
(a) The Titanic got lost in the icy waters of the
North Atlantic.
(b) The alarm was given that there was a collision ahead.
(c) The Titanic quickly changed her
course. (迅速转弯，符合原文)
(d) The Titanic turned just as the iceberg rose
steeply out of the water.
9 The great ship sharply to avoid a direct collision. (11. 10-1
1)
(a) veered 表示车船转弯
(b) changed 没有宾语
(c) went back
(d) cornered 在路口处转弯
The plane changed course to avoid the storm.
collision n.
collide v.
The
Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of
ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
(结果状语)
just in time 刚刚好，及时
= with no time to spare (独立主格)
Spare the rod and spoil the child.
We boarded the train with no time to
spare.
They got to the airport with seconds to
spare.
课后第10题：
10 The Titanic turned narrowly missing the immense wall ...
(11.11-12)
(a) in next to no time 表示“立即、立刻”
(b) on a sudden impulse 表示“由于一时的冲动”
(c) with no time to spare
(d) nearly on time 表示“几乎准时”
narrowly 跟前半句的 just
作为同意替换，避免重复
The car turned just in time, narrowly missing the
child.
I dodged just in time, narrowly missing the falling
rock.
rise 课文中表示“矗立（净值状态）”
The immense building rose before our eyes.
Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a
height（高达） of nearly 700 feet.
Suddenly,
there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down
to see what had happened.
短语用法：表示“突然的”
suddenly / all of a sudden / all at once
Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry-driver who was
drawing up alongside the car, pulled up all of a
sudden.
All at once, I noticed that my wife seemed to be filled with
alarm.
语法：副词和介词短语都可以作介词的宾语
there was a slight trembling sound from
below
There is a fine view from here.
I heard them calling me from below.
They have just returned from abroad.
I took my watch from under the pillow.
He picked up the gun from behind the
counter.
I live near here.
We didn’t meet until after the show.
The weather has been fine except in the
north.
the captain went down to see what had happened.
The vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was
going on.
The
noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had
been damaged.
课文写法替换： too… to…
The noise had been too faint for anyone to think that
the ship had been damaged.
Below,
the captain realized to his horror (状语短，先写)that the Titanic
was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight
compart- ments had already been flooded!
The
order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the
icy water.
plunge v. to move, fall, or be thrown suddenly
forwards or downwards 突然坠落或掉落
Her car swerved and plunged off the cliff.
They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear
on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other
side.
The captive elephant, still roped to a tree, plunges and
screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably
refuse all food through anger and fear.
As
there were not enough life-boats for everybody, 1500 lives were
lost.
课文写法替换： too… to…
As there were too few lifeboats for everybody to take, 1,500 lives
were lost.