make a discovery (of…) 发现
discover
make an interesting discovery (of …)
use
make use of …
make the best use of…
He made the best use of his talent. describe
make a vivid description of …
investigate
make a thorough investigation of …
summarize
make a comprehensive summary of …
analyze
make a detailed analysis of …
Some time ago, archaeologists made an interesting discovery
on the Aegean island of Kea.对比课文原文重心偏移
A radio message from the mainland had been received by the ship's
captain instructing him to give up the search.
“of” 引出地点名称
the city of Beijin
the promontory of Ayia Irini the tiny village
of Perachora
the famous monastery of St. Bernard
the novel of Three Kingdoms X 不能引出小说名称
the novel entitled Three Kingdoms 小说
the movie entitled Da Vinci Code 电影
the man named / called Vincen 人
an American team of
archaeologists
stand 矗立在…
Strange forms stand in gardens, and outside
buildings and shops.
The Monument to the People’s Heroes stands in the
center of Tian’anmen Square.
sit 坐落
The house sits on top of a hill overlooking
the town.
lie 位于(描述大的地点)
The famous monastery of St.
Bernard, which was founded in the 11th century,
lies about a mile away.

promontory (headland) 海岬: a
long narrow area of high land that sticks out into the sea.
cape 海角: a very large piece
of land sticking out into the sea
at one time = once
The city at one time must have seen / known
prosperity.
enjoy 享有
enjoy good health
enjoy a high standard of living
The garments are magnificent and tasteful and have long
enjoyed great fame both at home and abroad.
be blessed with … 享有
They were blessed with
two children, a boy and a girl.
be endowed with … 天生享有
She is endowed with both brains and
beauty.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created
equal, that they are endowed by the Creator
with certain unalienable rights, that among these
are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
― Thomas Jefferson
boast 表示“有,拥有”
There is a lot of beautiful scenery in China.
China boasts a lot of beautiful scenery.
with 此处表示从属关系
a girl with blue eyes
a mug with a broken handle
decorate 装饰,装点
a vastly improved method
a much acclaimed novel
equip 装备
equip A with B
be equipped with …
equipment 设备
The classrooms are equipped with modern
multimedia teaching equipment.
量词
a great many (of ) … 可数
a great number of … 可数
a great amount / deal of … 不可数
a lot of… 可数/不可数
beneath / underneath
(贴着) on under over
below above
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of
worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman
times.
be used as … 被当作…使用
The wooden box is used as a seat.
act / serve / function as …
当作(必须用主动)
The wooden box acts / serves / functions as a
seat.
B.C. (BC): Before Christ 公元前
A.D. (AD): Anno Domini 公元后
times 表示“时代,时期”
in modern / recent / ancient /
prehistoric times in times of …
in times of …. 在….时代
in times of peace / war
In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men
would march into a city-state …
age 时代,时期
the Ice Age 冰川时代
the Stone Age 石器时代
the modern age 当代
the computer age 电脑时代
era / epoch 时代时期
the steam-engine era / epoch
the end of an era / epoch
His death marked the end of an era.
the beginning of a new era / epoch.
It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the
beginning of a new era.
The foundation of the People’s Republic of China marked the beginning
of a new era.
In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen
statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one
time, been painted.
发音
t + j = tʃ
don’t you
won’t you
last year
next year
situation
represent 代表
stand for 代表
Honey, this gold ring stands for /
represents my love for you.
on behalf of ... 代表(介词短语)
Premier delivered a speech on behalf of the government during
the meeting.
Premier delivered a speech representing / standing for
the government during the meeting.
date from … 追述到
date back to …追述到
can be traced back to …追述到(被动)
造句:丝绸之路 (the Silk Road) 的繁荣可以追溯到遥远的汉朝。
The prosperity of the Silk Road dates from / dates back
to / can be traced back to the distant Han Dynasty.
happen to do 碰巧发生
sth. happen to sb. 发生
A car accident happened to him.
it happen that … 碰巧发生
We happened to take the same train.
It happened that we took the same train.
chance to do
chanced to do /it chance that … 碰巧发生
We chanced to take the same train.
It chanced that we took the same train.
“碰巧发生”状语:
by chance
by accident
accidentally
We took the same train by chance / by accident /
accidentally.
as it happen 碰巧发生
As it happened, we took the same train.
As luck would have it 碰巧发生(不带感情色彩)

W: I don’t imagine you would have time to help me with this.
M: As it happens, I would.
Q: What does the man mean? Answer:
(B) He can help the woman. as luck would have it
As luck would have it, we took the same
train.
W: You do look cold. What
happened?
M: I've been standing outside in Arctic temperature for over an hour
waiting for a bus.
W: Over an hour, but I thought your apartment was only a ten-minute
bus ride to campus.
M: Under normal conditions, but the bus was delayed because of the
weather and when I stepped into a drugstore to call home for a ride, the
bus went by. As luck would have it, there was no
one at home, so I had to wait another forty five minutes for the next
bus.
W: That's Murphy's law, isn't it. What was it said “If anything can
go wrong, it will.” Well, we still get twenty minutes to gather our wits
together.
preserve 保护,强调保证质量不下降
preserve one’s eyesight / food
conserve 保护,强调保持数量不下降
conserve wildlife / resources
reserve 保护,强调保存以备将来使用
Reserve your energy for the climb tomorrow.
All Rights Reserved
I reserve the right to disagree.
reserve a table for 2

nervous
anxious
动词不定式在句中作状语:目的,原因,结果,条件
“使惊讶”
amazed
surprise
astonish
He was astonished at what he found. A man was
lying in the box on top of a pile of woolen goods.
amaze 强调迷惑不解的惊讶
astound 强调把某人惊呆了
The police were astounded when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had
done.
对单词的精准理解,有助于加深对文章的印象和理解作者表达的精确含义。
turn out to be 原来是这样的,强调出乎意料
prove (to be)
Eric’s girlfriend turned out to be his
half-sister.
modern-looking 复合形容词代替定语从句
an interesting-looking carved dagger
hard-working
easy-going
stand
在这是系动词,表示“有多高”,后面有数量词作表语
The tower stands 15 meters (high).
weigh 系动词,表“有多重”
The boy weighs 50 kilos.
measure 系动词,表“有多长/宽/高/深

rest on 托着
Her hands rested on her hips.
Her face rested on her hands.
She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the
ground.
Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far,
the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
“尽管”,引导让步的介词
despite
in spite of
notwithstanding
“尽管”,连词
though
although
even though
while
介词改成连词
in spite of the fact that …
despite the fact that …
Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a
delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it
is filled with what looks like a thick, grayish substance.
如何写出引人入胜的叙事类文章?
制造悬念(有趣发现)→层层深入,迫近主题(古城→庙宇→殿堂→神像)→揭示谜底,故事高潮
(身首异处,摩登女郎)→尾声,意犹未尽(身份未知)