★ amusing adj. 好笑的 , 有趣的
The story is amusing. （好笑的）
amused adj. 感到好笑的（要笑出声）
I am amused.
amuse v. 使发笑，使愉快
The story amused me.
funny adj. 好笑的（不一定要笑出声 可以指贬义），开心的， 令人开心的
interesting / funny story
★ experience n. 经历（可数）；经验（不可数）
① n. 经历（可数）
He has a lot of experiences. （经历，可数名词）
② n. 经验，体验（不可数）
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job. （经验，不可数名词）
Does she have any experience in teaching?
③ vt. 经验，体验
Have you ever experienced anything like this?
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
experienced adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的
He is an experienced doctor.
★ wave v. 招手
wave to sb. 向某人招手
★ lift n. 搭便车
take a bus/taxi/lift 乘公共汽车 /乘出租汽车 /搭便车
B wants to take a lift. 某人想搭便车
I want to take a lift.
A give B a lift. 让某人搭便车
The student gave me a lift.
thumb lift 拇指便车 (向过路车辆竖起拇指表示要求免费搭车 )
★ reply v. 回答
reply 与 answer 的区别：
① 作为不及物动词是一样的 :
He answered/replied.
② 作为及物动词就不一样了 :
answer sth.
answer the letter 回信
reply to sth.
I will reply to the letter. 回信
★ language n. 语言
native language 母语
The native language is Chinese.
mother tongue 母语 (口语中用 )
My mother tongue is Chinese.
★ journey n. 旅行
journey n. 所有的旅行，偏重于陆地旅行
go on a journey
2 hours' journey ；3 days' journey( 三天路程)
trip n. 短距离旅行或出差 (时间或距离上较短)
go on a trip = go on business
travel n. 周游（长途旅行）
tour n. 游玩（为了玩）
tourist n. 游客
voyage n. 旅行(海上)
flight n. 空中飞行
【Text】
I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, "Do you speak English?' As I soon learnt, he was English himself!'
参考译文
去年我有过一次有趣的经历 . 在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后 , 我继续驶往 下一个城镇 . 途中 , 一个青年人向我招手 . 我把车停下, 他向我提出要求搭车 . 他一上车, 我就用法语向他问早上好, 他也同样用法语回答我 . 除了个别几个单词外 , 我根本不会法语. 旅途中我们谁也没讲话 . 就要到达那个镇时 , 那青年突然开了口, 慢慢地说道 : “你会讲英语吗 ?”我很快了解到 , 他自己就是个英国人 !
【课文讲解】
1、After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.
after 引导的从句如果一个是过去时，一个是过去完成时，那一定是从句用过去完成时 ；before 引导的从句表示“在 ……之前”，主句发生在从句之前 , 主句用过去完成时。
drive on 继续开往 （on 加在动词的后面表示继续 ）
My heart will go on 《我心永恒》
drive to 开车去某地
副词 on 紧跟在动词后面时可以表示“向前”、“继续下去”等意义：
He talked on until everybody had gone. 他滔滔不绝地讲到大家都走了。
I was reading when my friend called. After he had gone, I went on to read.
我朋友来看我时我正在看书。他走了以后我便继续看书。
表达方位的表达方式一共有 3 个介词 , in（在……里面）,on（接壤），to（没有相接的 , 是相离的）
A is to the east of B A 在B 的东方（A 与B 不相接）
A is on the east of B A 在 B 的东方（A 与 B 接壤）
A is in the east of B A 在B 的东方（A 在B 的里面）
2、On the way, a young man waved to me.
on the way 在路上, 在途中
wave to sb. 冲某人挥手
3 、 As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.
as soon as 一……就…… ，后面一定要加一个句子(时间状语从句), 强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的， “一” 后面的先发生
As soon as I had entered the room,I took off my coat at once.
As soon as I had received the letter,I ringed/called him back.
只要是状语从句, 一旦遇到将来时 , 变为一般现在时
As soon as you arrive,you must call me. 你一到就打我电话
表示用某种语言作为交际手段时介词用 in，表示讲某种语言时可以不加介词。 I speak English. I say a word in Chinese.
That book is written in German.
reply 要想加宾语要加 to (+要回答的内容)，而 in the same language 在句中作状语 , 不是 replay 所应回答的问题(宾语 ), 故用 in
4、Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
apart from… 除……以外
not … at all 一点都不，表强调
I don't like it.
I don't like it at all.
5、I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, "Do you speak English?'
nearly 将要
when 的翻译要看当时的具体情况, 在这里译为“ 就在此时”
I had nearly reached home when I found my mother standing there.
Do you speak English? 你说英语吗 ? 你是说英语国家的人吗 ?（问的是一个事实，不是问会说英语吗）
Do you swim? 你去游泳吗 ?
Can you swim? 你会游泳吗 ?
6、As I soon learnt, he was English himself!'
I learn 我得知； I know 我知道(我本来就知道)
As+主语 +动词，从句 （As my mother said/As I heard/ As I learnt） 正如……
As we know,the New Concept English is very good. 正如我们所知……
As I think,it is the coldest day in the year.
As he said, English is easy to learn.
himself 反身代词单独放在句尾, 起强调作用
I read English myself.
【Key structures 】
过去完成时
过去完成时：由 had+过去分词构成，它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，即“较早的过去”。过去完成时一定要以一个过去时态作铺垫 , 这个动作一定要发生在 had done 之后。
在用过去完成时态的句子中，常用连词 when，after，as soon as ，until，by that time 等。常与现在完成时连用的副词如 already，just，never，never…before 也常与过去完成时连用，以强调事件发生的先后次序：
I didn’t know that she was a famous actress until you had told me.
The boys loved the zoo. They had never seen wild animals before.
在那些用过去完成时的句子中没有明确的时间状语，但通过上下文可以看出动作发生的先后。
Exercises D ( 用正确的时态填空 )
1 The moment he had said this, he ___ (regret) it.
the moment = as soon as 一……就…… ，后面直接加从句
2 It ______ (begin) to rain before she took a taxi.
before 引导的从句用一般过去时 , 主句用过去完成时
【Special Difficulties 】
Ask 与 Ask For：
ask v. 问，询问 ；请求，要求，邀请
ask a question/ask sb. 问（一个问题）/问某人
I asked (Mary) a question.
They asked Tony to sing a song.
They asked her to spend the weekend with them.
ask for 要，要求 （某样东西）
ask for the answer
I asked for a cup of coffee, but they gave me a cup of tea.
You are always asking for help.
Except, Except for 与 Apart from
三者都表示“除 ……以外”，有时可以互换，但 except 不用于句首， except for 和 apart from 则可以。
Everyone has helped in some way apart from/except for/except you.
Apart from/Except for you, everyone has helped in some way.
apart from 习惯上喜欢放句首, apart from=except/besides
如果认为整体之中做这件事情的人除了整体之外，还有这个人也做了（包括），是加号=besides；如果认为整体之中做这件事情的人除了整体之外，这个人没有做（排除），是减号=except；如果放在句首，统一用 apart from 代替 except/besides
All the passengers are millionaire except us. （减号）
I invited everyone except George. / Except for George I invited everyone.
Except for/apart from this, everything is in order.
except for 含有对整体中的某一个方面不满意， except for 可以不放在句首, 强调整体当中某一方面除外 , 剩下的整体都不错
The article is very good except for his handwriing.
Except for his height, he is very excellent.
Which of，Either of，Neigher of 与 Both of
上面这些短语都可用于指两个人或两件事
either of 两者当中的任何一个
neither of 两者都不
which of 那一个
both of 两者都
① 当询问在两个或更多的人或事物中偏爱哪一个或选择哪一个时， 可用 which
I like both of these bags. Which of the two do you prefer?
② either 与 neither 都是对两个人或物而言（后接单数名词 ）。either 指 one or the other（不是这个就是那个），either 和 neither 后跟 of 时则指两个事物中的每一个
either of sb. ……当中的任何一个
neither of sb. ……当中的任何一个都不（neither of（注意英音与美音的读音）两者之间都不, 一旦出现 , 这句话里面不会再出现 not）
I don't like the book . My sister doesn't like it either.
Neither of us likes it. (注意要用单数 )
Which bag shall I use?
Either of them. It doesn’t matter which. 哪个都行。用哪个都没关系。
Neither of them. Use a suitcase. 哪个都不行。用个手提箱吧。
③ both 只指两个人或物。 当它用在名词前时， of 可有可无；当用在代词前面时，其后必须加 of
Both books/Both of the books are interesting.
Both of us/them left early.
④none of 三者或三者以上之间都不
Exercise
5 He could not answer(neither of)(either of)the questions I (asked)(asked for).
either of（前面有 not, 故只能选either of） , asked
【Multiple choice questions 】
6 I speak a few words of French. I don't know ___b___ French.
a. many b. much c. plenty of d. a little
French 不可数, 不能用 many
plenty of 足够多的；not…plenty of 不够多
not much = a little 一些
not a little = much 很多
7 Neither of us spoke. We _ c___ .
a. neither spoke b. either spoke
c. both didn't speak d. neither didn't speak
neither 不会和 not 连用；不能说 we neither，只能说 neither of us
either 任何一个
both 两者都
we both/ both of us 两个都
11 He replied in French. He ___b___ the writer in French.
a. responed b. answered c. returne d. remarked
responded 和 replied 用法一样， replied 后面加宾语一定要加 to，answer 可以直接加宾语
9 The young man waved to the writer. He ___c___ him.
a. salute b. greeted c. signalled to d. nodded
salute v. 行军礼 , 军人的问候
The soldier saluted his officer. 士兵的问候
greet v. 问候 ； signal v. 发出信号
10 He asked for a lift. He was a ___b___.
a. tramp b. hitch hiker c. passenge d. foreigner
tramp n. 流浪汉 ；hitch hiker 搭便车的人 ；passenger n. 乘客 (指要付车钱的那种 )
12 The writer had ___b_ reached the town when the young man spoke.
a.often b.almost c.sometimes d.just as
almost=nearly
just as+时间从句 正当……时候